What are the two flood insurance programs available?

The correct answer is based on the structure of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which has two distinct phases designed to provide flood insurance in various circumstances. The emergency program acts as the initial phase, offering basic coverage to communities that have just joined the NFIP, while they work towards fulfilling the requirements for full participation. This program provides limited coverage and is intended to give immediate assistance following a flood event.

As communities develop their floodplain management plans and gain full NFIP certification, they transition to the regular program. In this phase, broader coverage options and higher limits are offered, allowing for more comprehensive flood insurance protections. This tiered approach helps to ensure that communities are properly managed and engaged in flood risk mitigation while still providing necessary coverage options to policyholders.